Simon Taylor 79dcbbef15 User-guided type specialization.
Estimated hours taken: 60

User-guided type specialization.

compiler/prog_data.m:
compiler/prog_io_pragma.m:
compiler/modules.m:
compiler/module_qual.m:
compiler/mercury_to_mercury.m:
	Handle `:- pragma type_spec'.

compiler/prog_io_pragma.m:
	Factor out some common code to parse predicate names with arguments.

compiler/hlds_module.m:
	Added a field to the module_sub_info to hold information about
	user-requested type specializations, filled in by make_hlds.m
	and not used by anything after higher_order.m.

compiler/make_hlds.m:
	For each `:- pragma type_spec' declaration, introduce a new predicate
	which just calls the predicate to be specialized with the
	specified argument types. This forces higher_order.m to produce
	the specialized versions.

compiler/higher_order.m:
	Process the user-requested type specializations first to ensure
	that they get the correct names.
	Allow partial matches against user-specified versions, e.g.
		map__lookup(map(int, list(int)), int, list(int)) matches
		map__lookup(map(int, V), int, V).
	Perform specialization where a typeclass constraint matches a
	known instance, but the construction of the typeclass_info is
	done in the calling module.
	Give slightly more informative progress messages.

compiler/dead_proc_elim.m:
	Remove specializations for dead procedures.

compiler/prog_io_util.m:
	Change the definition of the `maybe1' and `maybe_functor' types
	to avoid the need for copying to convert between `maybe1'
	and `maybe1(generic)'.
	Changed the interface of `make_pred_name_with_context' to allow
	creation of predicate names for type specializations which describe
	the type substitution.

compiler/make_hlds.m:
compiler/prog_io_pragma.m:
	Make the specification of pragma declarations in error
	messages consistent. (There are probably some more to
	be fixed elsewhere for termination and tabling).

compiler/intermod.m:
	Write type specialization pragmas for predicates declared
	in `.opt' files.

compiler/mercury_to_mercury.m:
	Export `mercury_output_item' for use by intermod.m.

compiler/options.m:
	Add an option `--user-guided-type-specialization' enabled
	with `-O2' or higher.

compiler/handle_options.m:
	`--type-specialization' implies `--user-guided-type-specialization'.

compiler/hlds_goal.m:
	Add predicates to construct constants. These are duplicated
	in several other places, I'll fix that as a separate change.

compiler/type_util.m:
	Added functions `int_type/0', `string_type/0', `float_type/0'
	and `char_type/0' which return the builtin types.
	These are duplicated in several other places,
	I'll fix that as a separate change.

library/private_builtin.m:
	Added `instance_constraint_from_typeclass_info/3' to extract
	the typeclass_infos for a constraint on an instance declaration.
	This is useful for specializing class method calls.
	Added `thread_safe' to various `:- pragma c_code's.
	Added `:- pragma inline' declarations for `builtin_compare_*', which
	are important for user-guided type specialization. (`builtin_unify_*'
	are simple enough to go in the `.opt' files automatically).

compiler/polymorphism.m:
	`instance_constraint_from_typeclass_info/3' does not need type_infos.
	Add `instance_constraint_from_typeclass_info/3' to the
	list of `typeclass_info_manipulator's which higher_order.m
	can interpret.

NEWS:
doc/reference_manual.texi:
doc/user_guide.texi
	Document the new pragma and option.

tests/invalid/Mmakefile:
tests/invalid/type_spec.m:
tests/invalid/type_spec.err_exp:
	Test error reporting for invalid type specializations.

tests/hard_coded/Mmakefile:
tests/invalid/type_spec.m:
tests/invalid/type_spec.exp:
	Test type specialization.
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Reportedly Mercury does not work on Solaris 2.5.1 if it is compiled with
gcc 2.7.x.  It should however work fine on Solaris 2.5.1 if you compile
it with gcc 2.8, or if you use gcc 2.7.x with an earlier version of Solaris.

The binary distribution for Solaris that we distribute was compiled
with gcc 2.7.2, so if you have Solaris 2.5.1, you may need to compile
Mercury yourself from our source distribution.

("Solaris 2.x" is also known as "SunOS 5.x".)
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